Control valve for shock absorbers



IDEC. l, 1931. C, H LAND 1,833,969

CONTROL VALVE FOR SHOCK ABSORBERS Filed July ll, 1950 2 SheetS-*Shee- 1 Mfdm ATTORNEY Dec. 1, 1931. c. H. LAND 1,833,969

CONTROL \P\ 1\Il FOR SHOCK ABSORBERS K Y FiiedJuly 11, 195o 2 sheets-sheet 2 i Inuentorz A ttor ne y Patented Dec. 1, 1931 n N1,833,969 'i UNITED 'STATES 'y isii cu=riiia'n:r-:s H Marmor GROSSE roINiiE, MICHIGAN, AssIGNOR iro' MEoHANIcALVenE- vEnOrMENm COMPANY, OFDETROIT, MICHIGAN, A ooRPoRfATIoN-OEMIGHIGAN CONTROLvALvE ron. SHOCK .messofigurasi` villmiicaapnparmy 11, 193m serial Noiikiemwf i My :invention relatesto an improvement `in hydraulic shock absorbers and lmore particularlyshock `absorbers for motor vehicles, showninthe accompanying drawings and del scribed inV the `following `specification and claims; f

The type of shock absorber embodying this invention includes 'a swinging impeller `free to vibrate in avuid chamber `when the vehicle springs are functioning under ordinary conditions, but which under excessive ratesof deflection is controlled by Va plurality of relief valves-loaded open-respectively serving to automaticallycontrol the flow of the'luid in either direction' through thei'mpeller and thereby the velocity of approach vand yrecession of the axle and bodyof the vehiclein relationto each other thus determining a velocity which may not-be exceeded. The primary object ofthe presentinvention relates to an'eicient relief valve for the classof shock absorbers described, of simple construction that it maybe pro-duced at a low manufacturing costfor installation asa unit, upon a minimumexpenditure off'time and labor.` l l A furtherobject of theinvention is to providea `relief valveconstructed of sheet metal, by suitable stamping and shaping dies, of a cartridge-like form for Iinsertion I in 'fthe swinging impeller without further adjustment of parts,freadyfor operation.- Y.

With the foregoing and other objects in view whichwill appear as the` description proceeds, the invention further resides inthe combination and arrangementofparts and in the details of construction hereinafter, described and claimed,tbeing understood that changes may be made in the precise embodiment of the invention herein disclosed with- Outdeparting from the spirit of the same.

` In the drawings accompanying this specification: y i l j f f Figure .1 isa side ,velevationjand vertical longitudinal `sectional View through Ftheinclosinglcaseof a shock absorber, showingthe relief valve in the swinging'impeller in open position, as whenthe impeller` is Vvibrating underlnormal riding conditions. i

{Figure'is a cross-sectional viewthrough the inclosingfcase,` showing `the relief '-valve `mountedfin theswingingimpeller.

`Figurei .is a f cross-sectional view through one ofthe relief valve discs, showing its' 1n.-v Vtegral resilient automatically actuated lockf' ing legs.

.- Figure 4 1s a side elevation of the same', p Figure' 5 isan elevationfof one ofithe valve discs, indicating in dotted lines the locking .l

d1sc. l n i A p Figure 6 isa view ofthe Opposite 'face of the valve disc, showing' ithe llocking legs in full lines. v

legs projecting `from the opposite side ofthe Figure `7 is `a side Velevation oftheswingi ingrimpeller removed ffr om the case with the relief valve vin position. p

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional yviewfth'rough the impeller, showing the relief valves mounted `therein in ,their loaded open position and a spring between the valve discs.

Beferringnow to fthe letters 'of referencev placed upon the drawings: r A, A denotes a twoepart casing secured 'to the iframe yof a vehicle' by \bolts,`-"not showmfextending through :the apertures Ala A17 B is anoscillatingpiston or'i1npeller,co m` prising'two Vvplates B1, B1 secured to aradially projecting fin integral with a hubG1 formedV onthe endiof a Vstub shaft` C2,'-infturn journaled in=a sleeve A2 extending 'from-one section of the Wall ofthe case. The stub shaft C2 is fitted with allever arm, not shown', for connection lwith 'the .axle of avehicle.

fhub, vandl Grist'a screwthreaded closure plug extending fthrou'gh, the ywall. of lrthe` vcasing which upon being'removedprovi'des an` opening through'which ythe housing maybe-filled Awith" oil:v

.D denotes a suitable packing, lodged be. tween the plates B, B to insure tightfcontact sion the device to which the instant invention is applied, as it forms no part of the present invention it will not require anextended v the -faceofthe disc with a plurality ofresilient legslz. spa-ced apart, struck from the body of the metal and extending, at right angles to the inner jfa'ce"ofthe disc, The free end ofthe legs-I2` have a return bend of wedge-shaped ,formlt adapted upon insertion through'the port-holes B2, 5B? in the u plates B1A to expand and loverlap-,the inner face of said plates,l whereby said valve-discs while yfree to close under excessive pressure are held against accidental releaseywhen forced apart by a spring located between the dis'cs'to Ya loade'dl open, position. j

The spring J located between :and bearing upon the opposing inner faces of the valvediscs, isconlined in axial relation to the discs by their respectiveinwardly extending overlapping resilient legs.

if Under the urge ofthe spring therdiscs are normally maintainedat their maximum Y open position, the overlapping wedge-shaped foot portions at the Vfree end ofthe legs bearing upon the` inner face of `the plates B, B to limit further outward'movementfas clearlyindicated in Figure 8, a

,In the operation of this device, when the vehicle is normally loaded, the piston or im- Y withvery slight resistance.`

i the right will gradually close,

peller B `will extend in a,` vertical direction approximately midway between the sides-of the casing as indicated in Figure 1. j

`At-the normal velocity of the impeller, either to? the yright or left, the liquid maintained inthe casing will pass through the for thevalves and of Vthe discs pon al rapid acceleration tothe right, the open valve at throttling the flow of ltheluid'and producing a uniformly portV openings Vprovided thence between the resilient le s vincreasing'resistance tov the movement of the impeller.A Y

It will likewise be obvious that the same result will also obtain upon a movement of the impeller in the opposite direction, with the spring J functioning to restore the valves to their open loaded position immediately following the return to normal vibration of the vehicle-body.

It too will be noted by'pfroviding-a loaded-open valve, the` normal up and down movement of the vehicle spring is notchecked except when a sudden excessive movement f is developed dueto road conditionsg-these Y sudden'movfements are automatically resisted in either direction and readily controlled by ,i thegcushioning effect of the auxiliaryliquidV I '1; Av controlling valve, for i a hydraulicV i shock absorber embodying a fluid chamber and a piston movablenwithin a `fluid chamber having Yan openi ngil therethrough v'for the *passageY of'fluidfromone side 'of their piston to the'othenfcomprising two opposing kdiscs adapted to alternately and gradually'close the opening through the piston, each disc Ahavingaplu'ralityV of legs sleeved within said opening t0 guide the discs, `with portions overlappingy the -wall of the zpiston lto limit the opening movement and accidentaljde i i tachment of the discs: from the piston; and a spring located between and bearing against the inner face of each disc, whereby 'the discsmay beforcedoutwardly to alloadedopenposition to permit Ythe `passage of fluid when operating under normal conditions. 2, A controllingfvalve, for a ihydraulic shock absorberV embodying a fluid chamber andr a swinging piston movable within'the chamber having an opening therethrough for the passage of iiuid from one sidel of the piston tothe other; comprising two discs adapted toV alternately and gradually close the: opening through said piston, due tothe cushioning ef feet of the fluid in the chamber upon the discs,

producing a uniformly increasing resistance to the movement of the piston, each disc having a plurality of resilient inwardly directed e opposing legs sleevedwithin the opening vin the pistontofguide thedisc's, saidlegs having at their free ends a. return wedge-shapedy bent` adapted when pushed throug kthe opening in the piston to overlap the wall of the piston,v wherebythe legs while free to move through said opening areheld in the accidental dislodgement; anda spring located between and bearing against the inner lface of each-disc, whereby the ,discs/'may be forced outwardly to a loaded-open position to permit the passage of fluid through the-piston when oscillating under normal' conditions.

3. 'A controlling valvefor a hydraulic shock absorber, embodying afluid chamber and an oscillating piston within the chamber having an .opening therethrough forl the pasi sage of iluid from one side of the piston to the other, said valve comprising-two discs adapted to V*alternately close the yopening through'the piston, ,said discs having their marginal edges bent underneath the facezof pingthe wall ofthe piston, with integral re# silient leg projecting portions, spacedapart,

piston against y all extending at right ,angles through the opens. Y

ing in the piston, ytheir free-endsl bent to. form wedgeshaped Y abutmentsgl overlappingthe 5 V,walls of the piston when inserted through `said i opening, whereby the outward movement of the discs may be limited and held against accidental dislodgement; and a spring, located within the spaced projecting leg portions of the opposing discs bearing against the respective faces of the latter to normally maintain the discs in loaded-open position for the passage of. fluid through the piston. v

4.V A controlling valve for a `hydraulic shock absorber, embodying a fluidV chamber and a piston movable within the chamber ported for the passage of Huid from one side of the piston to the other, said Valve comprising two discs adapted to alternately close said orted piston, directed opposing opening in said piston to guide the discs, with laterally extending abutments respectively overlapping the wall of the piston, whereby the valve discs while free to alternately open and close the ported area of the piston are held against accidental detachment `from the piston; and a spring located between and bearing against the inner face of each disc, to force the said discs outwardly to a normally loaded-open position for the passage of fluid therethrough.

tion.

CHARLES H. LAND.

cuil

having a plurality of inwardly legs sleeved within `the In testimony whereof, I sign this specifica` 

